A Covalent Bond its when atoms share a pair of electrons. The difference between this one and a Ionic Bond its that an ionic bond needs to lose or gain electrons and become positive or negative and covalent bonds just share (both have and use the electrons if they need it).
For example: H= that has 1 valence electron and needs just one to be stable -----> Both can form H2O by a covalent bond.
O= which has 6 valence electrons and needs 2 to be stable
A characteristic of covalent bonds its that are "Polar Molecules", that means that the atoms has more positive charge in one side and negative charge in the other. We can use water (H2O) as an example in this too.
It has positive charge in the Hydrogen side and and negative charge in tho Oxygen side because of the excess of electrons.
(the red one is Oxygen and the whites are Hydrogen.)
When all the class understood this we made an activity outside, we made a covalent and a ionic bond simulating to be atoms (neutrons, protons and electrons).
Laura Carrillo
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